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Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus

Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus


Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes Mellitus is a collection of symptoms that arise in a person caused by an increase in blood sugar (glucose), blood due to insulin deficiency both absolute and relative terms (Arjatmo, 2002).

Diabetes Mellitus is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by increased levels of glucose in the blood or hyperglycemia. (Brunner and Suddarth, 2002).



Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus

Most of the pathology of diabetes mellitus can be associated with one of the three main effects of insulin deficiency as follows :
(1) Reducing the use of glucose by the body's cells, with the consequent increase in blood glucose concentrations as high as 300 to 1200 mg / day / 100 ml.
(2) Increased mobilization of fat from fat storage areas, causing abnormalities of fat metabolism and deposition of lipids in the vascular wall leading to atherosclerosis.
(3) Reduction of protein in the body tissues.

But besides that, there were some problems in diabetes mellitus pathophysiology that is not easily visible that is lost into the urine clients with diabetes mellitus. If the amount of glucose that enter the kidney tubules and glomerular filtration increase of approximately above 225 mg / min glucose in a significant number began to put into the urine. If the number of glomerular filtration are formed every minute stay, the surge of glucose occurs when glucose levels increase beyond 180 mg%.
When the body hung almost all its energy in fat, acid levels aseto - acetic acid and bihidroksibutirat in body fluids can be increased from 1 mEq / liter to as high as 10 mEq / Liter.
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