Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes Mellitus is a collection of symptoms that arise in a person caused by an increase in blood sugar (glucose), blood due to insulin deficiency both absolute and relative terms (Arjatmo, 2002).

Diabetes Mellitus is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by increased levels of glucose in the blood or hyperglycemia. (Brunner and Suddarth, 2002).

Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus

Most of the pathology of diabetes mellitus can be associated with one of the three main effects of insulin deficiency as follows :
(1) Reducing the use of glucose by the body's cells, with the consequent increase in blood glucose concentrations as high as 300 to 1200 mg / day / 100 ml.
(2) Increased mobilization of fat from fat storage areas, causing abnormalities of fat metabolism and deposition of lipids in the vascular wall leading to atherosclerosis.
(3) Reduction of protein in the body tissues.

But besides that, there were some problems in diabetes mellitus pathophysiology that is not easily visible that is lost into the urine clients with diabetes mellitus. If the amount of glucose that enter the kidney tubules and glomerular filtration increase of approximately above 225 mg / min glucose in a significant number began to put into the urine. If the number of glomerular filtration are formed every minute stay, the surge of glucose occurs when glucose levels increase beyond 180 mg%.
When the body hung almost all its energy in fat, acid levels aseto - acetic acid and bihidroksibutirat in body fluids can be increased from 1 mEq / liter to as high as 10 mEq / Liter.

Komentar

Postingan populer dari blog ini

Pathophysiology of COPD

COPD, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, is a progressive inflammatory disease connecting the airways, lung parenchyma, and vasculature. It causes the damage and remodeling of the airways and lung tissue. Proper functioning of lungs is rejected continuously by COPD. Over a period of time, these changes result in more severe conditions such as pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure. The precise pathophysiology of COPD is unidentified. The inflammatory process is a driving aspect in the pathophysiology of COPD. Recent verification suggests that the inflammatory response results in a number of effects, including an arrival of inflammatory cells such as macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes. Thickened airways and structural changes such as increased smooth muscle and fibrosis may also be manifested. Cigarette smoking causes an inflammatory response in the lungs. This response does not cease with the removal of the stimulus, but progresses for an unlimited period of time

Baca selengkapnya

Pathophysiology of Meningitis

Pathophysiology of Meningitis Predisposing factors include upper airway infection, otitis media, mastoiditis, sickle cell anemia and other hemoglobinopatis, a new neurosurgical procedure, head trauma and immunological effects. Venous channels through the posterior nasopharynx, middle ear and mastoid tract to the brain and the veins near the channel meningen; all of these links that support the growth of bacteria. Organisms enter the bloodstream and cause an inflammatory reaction in the meningen and under the cortex, which can cause thrombus and decreased cerebral blood flow. Cerebral tissue due to impaired metabolism meningen exudate, vasculitis and hypoperfusion. Purulent exudate may spread to the base of the brain and spinal cord. Inflammation also spread to the wall membrane of the cerebral ventricles. Bacterial meningitis associated with intracranial physiological changes, which consisted of increased permeability of the blood, the defense area of the brain, cerebral edema an

Baca selengkapnya

Pathophysiology of Typhoid Fever

Typhoid fever , also known as Typhoid , is a common worldwide illness, transmitted by the ingestion of food or water contaminated with the feces of an infected person, which contain the bacterium Salmonella enterica enterica, serovar Typhi. The bacteria then perforate through the intestinal wall and are phagocytosed by macrophages. The organism is a Gram-negative short bacillus that is motile due to its peritrichous flagella. The bacterium grows best at 37°C / 98.6°F – human body temperature. This fever received various names, such as gastric fever, abdominal typhus, infantile remittant fever, slow fever, nervous fever, pythogenic fever, etc. The name of "typhoid" was given by Louis in 1829, as a derivative from typhus . Pathophysiology of Typhoid Fever Transmission of Salmonella typhi can be transmitted through various ways, which is known with 5 M of the Food Fingers, Fomitus (vomiting), Fly, and through Faeces. Faeces and vomiting in patients with typhoid salmonel

Baca selengkapnya

Pathophysiology

Cari Blog Ini